Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies

Wendelstein 7-X Team

doi:10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies

Wendelstein 7-X Team

Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik
Eindhoven University of Technology
CIEMAT
KARLSRUHER INSTITUT FUER TECHNOLOGIE
FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH GMBH
University of Stuttgart
Technical University of Denmark
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Wigner Research Centre for Physics
University of Maryland, College Park
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Lithuanian Energy Institute
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Narodowe Centrum Badań Jadrowych
The Australian National University
University of Cagliari
Consorzio Rfx
Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear
Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
University of Salerno
Warsaw University of Technology
ENEA Centro Ricerche Frascati
Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion
Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN
University of Szczecin
University of Milano-Bicocca
University of California, San Diego
Auburn University
Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg
National Institute for Fusion Science
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique (CEA)
Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP)
Fraunhofer-Institut für Schicht- und Oberflächentechnik IST
Austrian Academy of Science
Institute for Nuclear Research
Russian Academy of Science
Technical University of Berlin
University of Opole
Aalto University
Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Kyoto University
Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences
Institute of Plasma Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Istituto di Fisica del Plasma Piero Caldirola
Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Umformtechnik IWU
Universität in Rostock
Lawrence University, Appleton
CNR

Résultats de recherche: Contribution à un journal › Article › Revue par des pairs

69 Citations (Scopus)

Résumé

For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 ×10²⁰ keV m^-3 s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.

langue originale	Anglais
Numéro d'article	014037
journal	Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Volume	61
Numéro de publication	1
Les DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2
état	Publié - janv. 2019

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10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

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@article{626c481449ce46e1b738d02dce25c9ff,

title = "Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies",

abstract = "For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 ×1020 keV m-3 s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.",

author = "Wolf, \{R. C.\} and S. Bozhenkov and A. Dinklage and G. Fuchert and Kazakov, \{Y. O.\} and Laqua, \{H. P.\} and S. Marsen and Marushchenko, \{N. B.\} and T. Stange and M. Zanini and I. Abramovic and A. Alonso and J. Baldzuhn and M. Beurskens and Beidler, \{C. D.\} and H. Braune and Brunner, \{K. J.\} and N. Chaudhary and H. Damm and P. Drewelow and G. Gantenbein and Yu Gao and J. Geiger and M. Hirsch and U. H{\"o}fel and M. Jakubowski and J. Jelonnek and T. Jensen and W. Kasparek and J. Knauer and Korsholm, \{S. B.\} and A. Langenberg and C. Lechte and F. Leipold and \{Trimino Mora\}, H. and U. Neuner and Nielsen, \{S. K.\} and D. Moseev and H. Oosterbeek and N. Pablant and E. Pasch and B. Plaum and \{Sunn Pedersen\}, T. and \{Puig Sitjes\}, A. and T. Wauters and F. Durodie and A. Goriaev and J. Ongena and M. Vergote and M. Vervier and \{Wendelstein 7-X Team\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Max-Planck-Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik.",

year = "2019",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2",

language = "English",

volume = "61",

journal = "Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion",

issn = "0741-3335",

number = "1",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X

T2 - A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies

AU - Wolf, R. C.

AU - Bozhenkov, S.

AU - Dinklage, A.

AU - Fuchert, G.

AU - Kazakov, Y. O.

AU - Laqua, H. P.

AU - Marsen, S.

AU - Marushchenko, N. B.

AU - Stange, T.

AU - Zanini, M.

AU - Abramovic, I.

AU - Alonso, A.

AU - Baldzuhn, J.

AU - Beurskens, M.

AU - Beidler, C. D.

AU - Braune, H.

AU - Brunner, K. J.

AU - Chaudhary, N.

AU - Damm, H.

AU - Drewelow, P.

AU - Gantenbein, G.

AU - Gao, Yu

AU - Geiger, J.

AU - Hirsch, M.

AU - Höfel, U.

AU - Jakubowski, M.

AU - Jelonnek, J.

AU - Jensen, T.

AU - Kasparek, W.

AU - Knauer, J.

AU - Korsholm, S. B.

AU - Langenberg, A.

AU - Lechte, C.

AU - Leipold, F.

AU - Trimino Mora, H.

AU - Neuner, U.

AU - Nielsen, S. K.

AU - Moseev, D.

AU - Oosterbeek, H.

AU - Pablant, N.

AU - Pasch, E.

AU - Plaum, B.

AU - Sunn Pedersen, T.

AU - Puig Sitjes, A.

AU - Wauters, T.

AU - Durodie, F.

AU - Goriaev, A.

AU - Ongena, J.

AU - Vergote, M.

AU - Vervier, M.

AU - Wendelstein 7-X Team

PY - 2019/1

Y1 - 2019/1

N2 - For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 ×1020 keV m-3 s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.

AB - For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 ×1020 keV m-3 s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85057775317

U2 - 10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

DO - 10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85057775317

SN - 0741-3335

VL - 61

JO - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

JF - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

IS - 1

M1 - 014037

ER -

Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies

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