Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system

I. Stepanov; J. P. Kallmeyer; D. A. Hartmann; M. Vervier; D. Castaño-Bardawil; P. Dumortier; F. Durodié; H. Faugel; K. P. Hollfeld; M. Verstraeten; G. Offermanns; J. Ongena; G. Satheeswaran; B. Schweer; M. Van Schoor; K. Crombé; Ye O. Kazakov; S. Acheroy; M. Vergote; R. Wolf

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794

Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system

I. Stepanov, J. P. Kallmeyer, D. A. Hartmann, M. Vervier, D. Castaño-Bardawil, P. Dumortier, F. Durodié, H. Faugel, K. P. Hollfeld, M. Verstraeten, G. Offermanns, J. Ongena, G. Satheeswaran, B. Schweer, M. Van Schoor, K. Crombé, Ye O. Kazakov, S. Acheroy, M. Vergote, R. Wolf

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

For single generator operation, the matching system for the W7-X ICRH antenna consists of a line stretcher and a shunt stub, both with a mechanically variable length. The system uses a feed-forward scheme, whereby the complex voltage reflection coefficient, as well as the forward and reflected RF power, is measured during an RF pulse via two directional couplers located on the generator side of the matching unit. This complex reflection coefficient is combined with a numerical model of the matching unit and the known line stretcher and shunt stub positions to determine the impedance on the antenna side. The required matching solution is then found using a Bang-Bang algorithm, and the line stretcher and shunt stub are positioned for the next pulse. The matching system was successfully operated during the W7-X experimental campaign OP 2.1. This paper describes the calibration and testing of the necessary RF sensors, modeling and testing of the matching unit with artificial loads, and its operation during OP 2.1.

Original language	English
Article number	114794
Journal	Fusion Engineering and Design
Volume	211
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794
Publication status	Published - Feb 2025

Keywords

Antennas
Directional couplers
ICRF
ICRH
Impedance matching
RF calibration
RF sensors
Transmission lines

Access to Document

10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794

Cite this

Stepanov, I., Kallmeyer, J. P., Hartmann, D. A., Vervier, M., Castaño-Bardawil, D., Dumortier, P., Durodié, F., Faugel, H., Hollfeld, K. P., Verstraeten, M., Offermanns, G., Ongena, J., Satheeswaran, G., Schweer, B., Van Schoor, M., Crombé, K., Kazakov, Y. O., Acheroy, S., Vergote, M., & Wolf, R. (2025). Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system. Fusion Engineering and Design, 211, Article 114794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794

@article{e5670150e5cf4110b994cdb3bd4c99d5,

title = "Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system",

abstract = "For single generator operation, the matching system for the W7-X ICRH antenna consists of a line stretcher and a shunt stub, both with a mechanically variable length. The system uses a feed-forward scheme, whereby the complex voltage reflection coefficient, as well as the forward and reflected RF power, is measured during an RF pulse via two directional couplers located on the generator side of the matching unit. This complex reflection coefficient is combined with a numerical model of the matching unit and the known line stretcher and shunt stub positions to determine the impedance on the antenna side. The required matching solution is then found using a Bang-Bang algorithm, and the line stretcher and shunt stub are positioned for the next pulse. The matching system was successfully operated during the W7-X experimental campaign OP 2.1. This paper describes the calibration and testing of the necessary RF sensors, modeling and testing of the matching unit with artificial loads, and its operation during OP 2.1.",

keywords = "Antennas, Directional couplers, ICRF, ICRH, Impedance matching, RF calibration, RF sensors, Transmission lines",

author = "I. Stepanov and Kallmeyer, {J. P.} and Hartmann, {D. A.} and M. Vervier and D. Casta{\~n}o-Bardawil and P. Dumortier and F. Durodi{\'e} and H. Faugel and Hollfeld, {K. P.} and M. Verstraeten and G. Offermanns and J. Ongena and G. Satheeswaran and B. Schweer and {Van Schoor}, M. and K. Cromb{\'e} and Kazakov, {Ye O.} and S. Acheroy and M. Vergote and R. Wolf",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024",

year = "2025",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794",

language = "English",

volume = "211",

journal = "Fusion Engineering and Design",

issn = "0920-3796",

}

Stepanov, I, Kallmeyer, JP, Hartmann, DA, Vervier, M, Castaño-Bardawil, D, Dumortier, P , Durodié, F, Faugel, H, Hollfeld, KP, Verstraeten, M, Offermanns, G, Ongena, J, Satheeswaran, G, Schweer, B, Van Schoor, M, Crombé, K , Kazakov, YO , Acheroy, S , Vergote, M & Wolf, R 2025, 'Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system', Fusion Engineering and Design, vol. 211, 114794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794

TY - JOUR

T1 - Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system

AU - Stepanov, I.

AU - Kallmeyer, J. P.

AU - Hartmann, D. A.

AU - Vervier, M.

AU - Castaño-Bardawil, D.

AU - Dumortier, P.

AU - Durodié, F.

AU - Faugel, H.

AU - Hollfeld, K. P.

AU - Verstraeten, M.

AU - Offermanns, G.

AU - Ongena, J.

AU - Satheeswaran, G.

AU - Schweer, B.

AU - Van Schoor, M.

AU - Crombé, K.

AU - Kazakov, Ye O.

AU - Acheroy, S.

AU - Vergote, M.

AU - Wolf, R.

PY - 2025/2

Y1 - 2025/2

N2 - For single generator operation, the matching system for the W7-X ICRH antenna consists of a line stretcher and a shunt stub, both with a mechanically variable length. The system uses a feed-forward scheme, whereby the complex voltage reflection coefficient, as well as the forward and reflected RF power, is measured during an RF pulse via two directional couplers located on the generator side of the matching unit. This complex reflection coefficient is combined with a numerical model of the matching unit and the known line stretcher and shunt stub positions to determine the impedance on the antenna side. The required matching solution is then found using a Bang-Bang algorithm, and the line stretcher and shunt stub are positioned for the next pulse. The matching system was successfully operated during the W7-X experimental campaign OP 2.1. This paper describes the calibration and testing of the necessary RF sensors, modeling and testing of the matching unit with artificial loads, and its operation during OP 2.1.

AB - For single generator operation, the matching system for the W7-X ICRH antenna consists of a line stretcher and a shunt stub, both with a mechanically variable length. The system uses a feed-forward scheme, whereby the complex voltage reflection coefficient, as well as the forward and reflected RF power, is measured during an RF pulse via two directional couplers located on the generator side of the matching unit. This complex reflection coefficient is combined with a numerical model of the matching unit and the known line stretcher and shunt stub positions to determine the impedance on the antenna side. The required matching solution is then found using a Bang-Bang algorithm, and the line stretcher and shunt stub are positioned for the next pulse. The matching system was successfully operated during the W7-X experimental campaign OP 2.1. This paper describes the calibration and testing of the necessary RF sensors, modeling and testing of the matching unit with artificial loads, and its operation during OP 2.1.

KW - Antennas

KW - Directional couplers

KW - ICRF

KW - ICRH

KW - Impedance matching

KW - RF calibration

KW - RF sensors

KW - Transmission lines

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85214299069&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794

DO - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114794

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85214299069

SN - 0920-3796

VL - 211

JO - Fusion Engineering and Design

JF - Fusion Engineering and Design

M1 - 114794

ER -

Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

First results and upgrade of the ICRH antenna system for W7-X

Cite this

Setup and first operation of the Wendelstein 7-X ICRH matching system

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Activities

First results and upgrade of the ICRH antenna system for W7-X

Cite this