Close-range blast loading on empty recyclable metal beverage cans for use in sacrificial cladding structure

This article deals with the experimental and numerical blast study on a single empty recyclable metal beverage can. The idea is to make a macro-foam (sacrificial cladding structure) out of these cans to protect the main load bearing members of civil engineering structures from the air blast load. Close-range free air blast tests have been conducted to understand the crushing behaviour and the energy absorption of a single empty beverage can in detail. To conduct such an air blast test a special small-scale test set-up was designed and manufactured. The effect of skin plate surface area and its nature on the blast parameters is studied. Furthermore, the effect of inertia of the skin plate on the crushing performance of the beverage can is evaluated. Tests have been conducted with different plates (made of aluminium and sandwich composite materials) with different masses which represent the skin plate of the proposed sacrificial structure. The measured blast parameters from the experimental tests were compared with ConWep predicted data. Furthermore, the influence of the finite surface area of the skin plate on the clearing of the reflected pressure waves was also studied. The deformation behaviour and the corresponding energy absorption of empty beverage cans were captured. During the experimental blast tests it was observed that a part of the total reflected impulse (~30%) was lost before it transfers to the non-sacrificial structure. Hence, in order to investigate this phenomenon Eulerian-Lagrangian coupled analyses were conducted using Hydrocodes. The results from these analyses showed that the diffraction and ground reflected pressure wave caused the loss in impulse. The results from the numerical studies have been compared and validated with the experimental results.